In the production process of wood furniture, to use all kinds of saw industry, mechanical equipment, which is directly in contact with wood and play a role in cutting or engraving and milling is all kinds of cutting tools on the machinery, as the saying goes that sharpening is not wrong wood workers, in order to use all kinds of machinery, also must first understand the tool used in processing.
Cutting is an important step of furniture production. Both plate and solid wood furniture are cut in the first place. It is inseparable from all kinds of cutting machine and saw blade, blade the selection and use of has an important influence on subsequent processing, so knowing saw blades and its using and maintenance is also very important.
Woodworking saw blade tips
The material
According to the different cutting materials, saw blades have different materials, generally can be divided into high speed steel saw blade (HSS saw blade), carbide saw blade, insert tooth alloy saw blade, diamond saw blade and so on. The woodworking saw blade is generally selected by the cemented carbide saw blade, which is the most commonly used cutting tool in wood products processing. The quality of the cemented carbide saw blade is closely related to the quality of processed products.
Cemented carbide commonly used types of tungsten cobalt (code YG), tungsten titanium (code YT). Tungsten-cobalt cemented carbides are widely used in the wood processing industry because of their good impact resistance. The commonly used model in lumber processing is YG8-YG15. The figure behind YG expresses the percentage of cobalt content, cobalt content increases, the alloy fights impact toughness and bends strength to rise somewhat, but hardness and wear resistance drop somewhat, however, want to try to choose according to actual situation.
Tooth profile
Woodworking saw blade has a variety of different tooth shapes, commonly used tooth shapes are left and right teeth, flat teeth, ladder flat teeth, inverted trapezoid teeth, dovetail teeth, as well as rare industrial grade three left and one right, left and right teeth and so on.
The left and right teeth are the most widely used, with fast cutting speed and relatively simple grinding. Suitable for cutting and cross sawing all kinds of soft and hard solid wood profiles and density board, multilayer board, particleboard, etc. The left and right tooth saw blade with negative front Angle is usually used for panel sawing because of its sharp edge and good sawing quality.
Ladder flat tooth is the combination of trapezoidal tooth and flat tooth, the grinding is more complex, can reduce the veneer crack phenomenon when sawing, suitable for all kinds of single and double veneer wood-based board, fire board sawing.
Inverted ladder teeth are often used in the slot saw blade of cutting board saw bottom. When cutting the wood-based board with double veneer, the slot saw adjusts the thickness to finish the grooving of the bottom, and then the main saw finishes the cutting of the plate, so as to prevent the phenomenon of edge collapse.
Flat tooth saw mouth is rough, cutting speed is slow, grinding is the most simple. Mainly used for common wood sawing, low cost, or for slotting saw blades to keep the groove bottom flat.
The thickness of the
In theory, the thinner the blade, the better, because sawing is an expense. The thickness of the alloy saw blade is determined by the material of the alloy saw blade and the process of making the saw blade. If the thickness is too thin, the saw blade is easy to shake when working, which affects the cutting effect. When choosing the thickness of the saw blade, the stability of the saw blade and the material of the saw should be considered. Some special purpose materials require specific thickness, should be selected according to the equipment requirements, such as slotted saw blades, scribing saw blades and so on.
The diameter of
The diameter of the saw blade is related to the sawing equipment used and the thickness of the workpiece. The Saw blade diameter is small, cutting speed is relatively low; saw blade diameter is high for the saw blade and saw cutting equipment requirements, and saw cutting efficiency is also high. The outer diameter of the saw blade is consistent with the diameter of the saw blade according to different circular saw machine models.
The diameter of standard parts is: 110MM(4 inch), 150MM(6 inch), 180MM(7 inch), 200MM(8 inch), 230MM(9 inch), 250MM(10 inch), 300MM(12 inch), 350MM(14 inch), 400MM(16 inch), 450MM(18 inch), 500MM(20 inch), etc. The bottom slot saw blade of precision cutting board saw is designed for 120MM.
Number of teeth
Generally speaking, the more teeth the saw blade, the more cutting edge in unit time, the better cutting performance, but the number of cutting teeth need more carbide quantity, the price of the saw blade is high, but the sawtooth is too dense, the chip capacity between the teeth becomes small, easy to cause the saw blade fever; in addition, too many saw teeth, when the feed is not properly matched, the cutting amount of each tooth is very small, will intensify the friction between the edge and the workpiece, affecting the service life of the blade. Usually the tooth spacing in 15-25mm, should choose a reasonable number of teeth according to the sawing material.
Bring about 40 tooth saw blade
Bring about 60 tooth saw blade
Woodworking saw blade application
The basic requirements
The use of saw blades should first meet the following basic requirements. First of all, the appropriate saw blade should be selected according to the design requirements of the equipment. Secondly, the equipment should have a safety protection device, such as: protective cover, power off brake, overload protection, etc.. Again, there must be professional operators to install and use, and wear labor clothing, wear protective goggles, ear muffs, etc. It is important to note that when operating manual feeding sawing equipment, operators should not wear gloves, long hair should be placed in the work cap, and pay attention to ties and cuffs to prevent danger. Use of the environment should also be away from fire and damp environment.
Installation requirements
In order to ensure safety, the installation of woodworking saw blade should be done in the following 5 steps.
1, the equipment must be in good condition, the spindle without deformation, no diameter jump, solid installation and fixation, no vibration, etc.
2. Check whether the saw blade is damaged, whether the tooth type is complete, whether the saw plate is smooth and clean, and whether there are other abnormal phenomena to ensure the safety of use.
3. During assembly, ensure that the arrow direction of the saw blade is consistent with the rotation direction of the equipment spindle.
4. When installing the saw blade, keep the shaft, chuck and flange clean. The inner diameter of the flange is consistent with the inner diameter of the saw blade. Flange size should be appropriate, the outer diameter should not be less than 1/3 of the diameter of the saw blade.
5, before the equipment starts, under the condition of ensuring safety, there is a special person to operate the equipment, point idle, check whether the equipment is turning correctly, whether there is vibration, saw blade installed after idling for a few minutes, no slip, swing or jump after the normal work.
Use requirement
In operation, in order to ensure safety and good sawing effect, there are also many problems that need to be paid attention to. When working, the workpiece should be fixed, wood feed in line with the direction of the knife, do not apply side pressure or curve cutting, the knife feed should be stable, to avoid the blade impact contact workpiece, resulting in damage to the saw blade, or workpiece flying out, accidents. Once found abnormal sound and vibration, rough cutting surface, or odor, must immediately stop the operation, timely inspection, troubleshooting to avoid accidents.
Move the cover figure
In addition, at the beginning of cutting and stop cutting, do not feed too fast, to avoid broken teeth and damage. At the same time, the equipment chute and slag suction device to ensure smooth, to prevent slag accumulation into blocks, affecting production and safety.
Saw blade maintenance
If the saw blade is not immediately used, it should be flat or use the inner hole to hang up. flat saw blade can not pile up other items or feet, and pay attention to moisture-proof, rust prevention.
When the saw blade is no longer sharp and the cutting surface is rough, it must be repaired and sharpened in time. Grinding can not change the original Angle and destroy the dynamic balance.
Saw blade diameter correction, positioning hole processing, etc., must be carried out by the factory. If the processing is not good, the use effect of the product will be affected, and there may be danger. In principle, the hole reaming should not exceed the original aperture 20mm, so as not to affect the balance of stress.